Class 10 Science MCQs with Answers: Preparing for the CBSE Class 10 Science Pre-Board Exam 2026? Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) form a crucial part of the paper pattern and help students revise concepts quickly and effectively. To make your practice smarter, we have compiled the Top 50 MCQs for Class 10 Science covering Physics, Chemistry, and Biology.
These questions are
- Prepared by subject experts
- Based on important and repeated topics in CBSE board exams
- Designed as per the latest CBSE exam pattern
- Provided with answers for self-evaluation
- Available in PDF format for download
Practicing these MCQs will help you strengthen conceptual understanding, improve accuracy, and boost your confidence for the pre-board as well as final board examinations.
CBSE Class 10 Science – Top 50 MCQs for Pre-Board Exam 2026
Below are the 50 most important MCQs with answers for quick revision:
1. When potassium iodide reacts with lead nitrate, a yellow solid is formed. Which cation and anion are involved in the formation of this yellow solid?
(a) Na⁺ and Cl⁻
(b) Pb²⁺ and I⁻
(c) K⁺ and NO₃⁻
(d) Pb²⁺ and Br⁻
Answer: (b) Pb²⁺ and I⁻
2. Assertion (A) Lead nitrate on thermal decomposition gives lead oxide, brown coloured nitrogen dioxide and oxygen gas.
Reason (R): Lead nitrate reacts with Potassium iodide to form yellow ppt of lead iodide and the reaction is double displacement as well as precipitation reaction.
Choose the correct option:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true, but R is false
(d) A is false, but R is true
Answer: (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
3. 2 g of silver chloride is taken in a china dish and placed in sunlight for some time. What will be your observation?
(a) It turns red due to formation of copper
(b) It completely dissolves in water
(c) It turns grey due to formation of silver metal
(d) No change is observed
Answer: (c) It turns grey due to formation of silver metal
4. The chemical reaction between Hydrogen sulphide and Iodine to give Hydrogen iodide and Sulphur is given H2S + I2 → 2HI + S. The oxidising and reducing agents involved in this redox reaction are:
(a) Hydrogen iodide and Sulphur respectively
(b) Iodine and Sulphur respectively
(c) Hydrogen sulphide and Iodine respectively
(d) Iodine and Hydrogen sulphide respectively
Answer: (d) Iodine and Hydrogen sulphide respectively
5. Rancidity can be prevented by
(a) Adding antioxidants
(b) Storing food in air - tight container
(c ) Keeping the food in refrigerator.
(d) All of the above
Answer: (d) All of the above
6. In an attempt to demonstrate electrical conductivity through an electrolyte, the following apparatus was set up.
Which among the following statement(s) is (are) correct?
(i) Bulb will not glow because electrolyte is not acidic.
(ii) Bulb will glow because NaOH is a strong base and furnishes ions for conduction. (iii) Bulb will not glow because circuit is incomplete.
(iv) Bulb will not glow because it depends upon the type of electrolytic solution
(a) (i) and (iii)
(b) (ii) and (iv)
(c) (ii) only
(d) (iv) only
Answer: (c) (ii) only
7. Assertion (A): Ammonia solution is an alkali. Reason
(R): Ammonia solution turns blue litmus paper red.
Choose the correct option:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true, but R is false
(d) A is false, but R is true
Answer: (c) A is true but R is false
8. When a small amount of acid is added to water, the phenomena which occur are:
(A) Dilution
(B) Neutralisation
(C) Formation of H3O+ ions
(D) Salt formation
The correct statements are:
(a) (A) and (C)
(b) (B) and (D)
(c) (A) and (B)
(d) (C) and (D)
Answer: (a) (A) and (C)
9.Assertion (A): A salt may be acidic, basic or neutral.
Reason (R): Salts are formed by the neutralization reaction of acids and bases.
Choose the correct option:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true, but R is false
(d) A is false, but R is true
Answer: (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
10. A student performs some activities on two substances and records the observations in a table as shown
Which option classifies the substances into metals and non-metals?
(a) Both the substances are metals
(b) Both the substances are non-metals
(c) Substance M is a metal while substance N is a non-metal
(d) Substance M is a non-metal while substance N is a metal
Answer: (c) Substance M is a metal while substance N is a non-metal
11. Which of the metals are refined by electrolytic refining?
(i) Au
(ii) Cu
(iii) Na
(iv) K
(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (i) and (iii)
(c) (ii) and (iii)
(d) (ii) and (iv)
Answer: (a) (i) and (ii)
12. During electrolytic refining of zinc, it gets
(a) Deposited on cathode.
(b) Deposited on anode.
(c) Deposited on cathode as well as anode.
(d) Remains in the solution.
Answer: (c) Deposited on cathode as well as anode.
13. In electrolytic refining of copper, impure copper act as _______ and pure copper as ________ :
(a) cathode, anode
(b) cathode, electrolyte
(c) anode , cathode
(d) electrolyte, cathode
Answer: (c) anode , cathode
14. A clean aluminium foil was placed in an aqueous solution of zinc sulphate. When the aluminium foil was taken out of the zinc sulphate solution after 15 minutes, its surface was found to be coated with a silvery grey deposit. From the above observation it can be concluded that:
(a) Aluminium is more reactive than zinc
(b) Zinc is more reactive than aluminium
(c) Zinc and aluminium both are equally reactive
(d) Zinc and aluminium both are non-reactive
Answer: (a) Aluminium is more reactive than zinc
15. Which of the following represents the correct order of reactivity for the given metals?
(a) Na > Mg > Al > Cu
(b) Mg > Na > Al > Cu
(c) Na > Mg > Cu > Al
(d) Mg > Al > Na > Cu
Answer:(a) Na > Mg > Al > Cu
16.Hard water does not easily produce lather with soap because it contains
(a) Only Mg2+ ions
(b) Only Ca2+ ions
(c) Both Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions
(d) Na+ and K+ ions
Answer: (c) Both Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions
17. Assertion- Methanol is added for denaturation of alcohol.
Reason- To prevent the misuse of ethanol produced for industrial purpose, it is made unfit for drinking.
Choose the correct option:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true, but R is false
(d) A is false, but R is true
Answer: (a) Both assertion and reason are correct statements and reason is correct explanation of assertion.
18. Assertion- Carboxylic acids are weak acids.
Reason- In comparision with mineral acids, it do not get ionized completely in solution.
Choose the correct option:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true, but R is false
(d) A is false, but R is true
Answer: (a) Both assertion and reason are correct statements and reason is correct explanation of assertion.
19. Assertion:- Esters are used in making perfumes and flavouring agents.
Reason- Esters are sweet smelling substances.
Choose the correct option:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true, but R is false
(d) A is false, but R is true
Answer: (a) Both assertion and reason are correct statements and reason is correct explanation of assertion.
20.Which of the following are correct structural isomers of butane
(a) (i) and (iii)
(b) (ii) and (iv)
(c) (i) and (ii)
(d) (iii) and (iv)
Answer: (a) (i) and (iii)
21. Which of the following represents saponification reaction?
(a) CH3COONa + NaOH ---------> CH4 + Na2CO3
(b) CH3COOH + C2H5OH + H2SO4 ------------> CH3COOC2H5 + H2O
(c) 2CH3COOH + 2Na ---------> 2CH3COONa + H2
(d) CH3COOC2H5 + NaOH --------> CH3COONa+ C2H5OH
Answer: (d) CH3COOC2H5 + NaOH --------> CH3COONa+ C2H5OH
22. Assertion (A): Saturated hydrocarbons burn with a blue flame.
Reason (R): Saturated hydrocarbons contain less carbon content, so there is a complete combustion of these compounds
Choose the correct option:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true, but R is false
(d) A is false, but R is true
Answer: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
23. Assertion (A):Esterification is a process in which a sweet smelling substance is produced.
Reason (R): When esters react with sodium hydroxide, an alcohol and sodium salt of carboxylic acid are obtained.
Choose the correct option:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true, but R is false
(d) A is false, but R is true
Answer: (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
24.The break down of pyruvate to give carbondioxide, water and energy takes place in
(a) Cytoplasm
(b) Mitochondria
(c) Chloroplast
(d) Nucleus
Answer: (b) Mitochondria
25. Glycolysis process occurs in which part of the cell?
(a) Cytoplasm
(b) Nucleus
(c) Mitochondria
(d)Chloroplast
Answer: (a) Cytoplasm
26.The image shows the cross-section of small intestine: What is likely to happen if the number of villi increases in small intestine?
(a) Increase in the absorption of food
(b) Fast elimination of waste from the body
(c) Increase in the breakdown of food
(d) Increase in the flow of blood in the small intestine
Answer: (c) Increase in the flow of blood in the small intestine
27. Given below are the steps to be followed for performing starch test on a green leaf.
(i) Boil the leaf in alcohol (ii) Boil the leaf in water
(iii) Dip the leaf in iodine solution
(iv) Wash the leaf in water The correct sequence of the steps is:
(a) (i),(iv),(ii),(iii)
(b) (ii),(iv),(i),(iii)
(c) (ii),(i),(iv),(iii)
(d) (iv),(i),(ii),(iii)
Answer: (d) (iv),(i),(ii),(iii)
28. Match the column A with Column B
A) a)-(i), b)-(iii), c)-(ii), d)-(iv)
B) a)-(ii), b)-(i), c)-(iv), d)-(iii)
C) a)-(ii), b)-(i), c)-(iii), d)-(iv)
D) a)-(i), b)-(ii), c)-(iv), d)-(iii)
Answer: (B) a)-(ii), b)-(i), c)-(iv), d)-(iii)
29. Which of the following is the correct path of oxygen in the respiratory system.
(a) Nasal cavity → Trachea → Bronchi → Alveoli
(b) Nasal cavity → Bronchi → Trachea → Alveoli
(c) Trachea → Nasal cavity → Bronchi → Alveoli
(d) Alveoli → Trachea → Bronchi → Nasal cavity
Answer: (a) Nasal cavity → Trachea → Bronchi → Alveoli
30. Assertion(A):Energy is required to carry out different life processes.
Reason(R): Energy is obtained in the form of ATP in the mitochondria
Choose the correct option:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true, but R is false
(d) A is false, but R is true
Answer:(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
31. Assertion(A):The purpose of making urine is to filter out undigested food from intestine
Reason(R): Kidneys filter the waste and produce urin
Choose the correct option:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true, but R is false
(d) A is false, but R is true
Answer:(d) A is false, but R is true
32. In plants the role of cytokinin is :
(a) Promote cell division.
(b) Wilting of leaves
(c) Help in growth of stem
(d) Promote the opening of stomata.
Answer: (a) Promote cell division.
33. Movement in Mimosa pudica is an example of:
(a) Phototropism
(b) Chemotropism
(c) Nastic movement
(d) Geotropism
Answer: (c) Nastic movement
34. Assertion: The Cyton region of the nerve cell collects information for the brain.
Reason: Nerve cells can either have or lack myelin sheath.
Choose the correct option:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true, but R is false
(d) A is false, but R is true
Answer:(d) A is false, but R is true
35. Which option correctly shows the sequence of events that occur when we touch a hot utensil?
Answer: (b)
36 What is the correct sequence of reproductive stages in human beings?
(a) Gametes → Zygote → Embryo → Foetus
(b) Zygote → Gametes → Embryo → Foetus
(c) Embryo → Zygote → Gametes → Foetus
(d) Gametes → Embryo → Zygote → Foetus
Answer: (a) Gametes → Zygote → Embryo → Foetus
37. The image shows the labelled structure of a brain Which parts of the brain controls the blood pressure?
(a) spinal cord, skull, hypothalamus
(b) cord, skull, cerebrum
(c) Pons, medulla, cerebellum
(d) pons, medulla, pituitary
Answer: (c) Pons, medulla, cerebellum
38. The secretion of which hormone leads to physical changes in the body when you are 10-12 years of age?
(a) Oestrogen from testes and testosterone from ovary.
(b) Estrogen from adrenal gland and testosterone from pituitary gland.
(c) Testosterone from testes and estrogen from ovary.
(d) Testosterone from thyroid gland and estrogen from pituitary gland.
Answer:(c) Testosterone from testes and estrogen from ovary.
39. The given figure shows the stages of binary fission in Amoeba which one of the following would you select as the correct sequence of stages.
(a) A, B, C, D.
(b) A, C, D, B.
(c) B, D, A, C.
(d) C, A, D, B
Answer: (c) (I)-F, (II)-F, (III)- T, (IV)-T
40. Consider the following statements and select the option which correctly identify true (T) and false (F) (I) Ovary ripens to form seeds and ovules ripens to form fruits after fertilization. (II) The Ovule develops a tough coat and is gradually converted into a seed. (III) Pollination occur before fertilization. (IV) Cutting, layering, grafting and tissue culture are the natural methods of vegetative propagation.
(a) (I)-T, (II)-F, (III)- T, (IV)-T
(b) (I)-T, (II)-F, (III)- T, (IV)-F
(c) (I)-F, (II)-F, (III)- T, (IV)-T
(d) (I)-T, (II)-T, (III)- T, (IV)-F
Answer: (d) (I)-T, (II)-T, (III)- T, (IV)-F
41.Match the organisms with type of asexual reproduction
| Section A | Section B |
| 1-Fission 2-Fragmentation 3-Regeneration 4-Spore formation | i-Spirogyra ii-Paramecium iii-Rhizobium iv-Planaria |
(a) 1-(iv), 2-(iii), 3-(ii), 4-(i)
(b) 1-(ii), 2-(i), 3-(iv), 4-(iii)
(c) 1-(ii), 2-(iii), 3-(iv), 4-(i)
(d) 1-(iii), 2-(iv), 3-(i), 4-(ii)
Answer: (b) 1-(ii), 2-(i), 3-(iv), 4-(iii)
42.In Mendel's experiments, what was the result of self-pollination of F1 tall plants?
(a) All progeny were tall.
(b) Some progeny were tall, while others were short.
(c) All progeny were short.
(d) None of the progeny exhibited traits similar to the parents.
Answer: (a) All progeny were tall.
43.How does a mutation in a gene affect protein production?
(a) It increases the efficiency of protein synthesis
(b) It decreases the stability of mRNA
(c) It alters the amino acid sequence of the protein
(d) It has no effect on protein function
Answer: (c) It alters the amino acid sequence of the protein
44.The angle of incidence for a ray of light having zero reflection angle is
(a) 0
(b) 30°
(c) 45°
(d) 90°
Answer:(a) 0
45.Magnifying power of a concave lens is
(a) always > 1
(b) always < 1
(c) always = 1
(d) can have any value
Answer: (b) always < 1
46.Assertion (A) : Light does not travel in the same direction in all the media.
Reason (R) : The speed of light does not change as it enters from one transparent medium to another.
Choose the correct option:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true, but R is false
(d) A is false, but R is true
Answer: (d) A is false, but R is true
47. Which of the following images shows the ray diagram of a defective eye?
Answer: (d)
48.A Person got his eye tested. The optician‟s prescription for the spectacles was: Left eye: −3 D Right eye: −3.50 D The person is having a defect of vision called:
(a) Presbyopia
(b) Myopia
(c) Astigmatism
(d) Hypermetropia
Answer: (b) Myopia
49.The least distance of distinct vision for a normal eye is
(a) infinity
(b) 25 cm
(c) 2.5 cm
(d) 25 m
Answer: (b) 25 cm
50.A student carries out an experiment and plots the V-I graphs of three samples of Nichrome wire with resistances R1, R2 and R3 respectively.
Which of the following is true?
(a) R1 = R2 = R3
(b) R1 > R2 > R3
(c) R3 > R2 > R1
(d) R2 > R3 > R1
Answer:(c) R3 > R2 > R1
Download PDF – CBSE Class 10 Science Important MCQs 2026
All these 50 MCQs with answers are also available in a printable PDF format so students can revise offline and practice more efficiently.
Download CBSE Class 10 Science MCQ PDF 2026 |
The CBSE Class 10 Science Top 50 MCQs for Pre-Board Exam 2026 provided here are one of the best tools for last-minute revision. Since they are prepared by subject experts and based on repeated exam patterns, practicing them will significantly enhance your exam preparation. Make sure to attempt all questions, check answers, and download the PDF for regular practice.
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